Содержание
- A social system consists of a purity of individual actor’s interacting with each other in a situation which has at least a physical or environmental aspect, actors are motivated in terms of tendency to the optimization of gratification and whose relations to the situation including each other______________________ in terms of system of culturally structured and shaped symbols.
- People live in human societies. A society is the largest form of human social organization_________________________ in the same territory, are relatively independent of people outside their area and share a common heritage or a common culture.
- Соедините части предложений
- The theory emerged from Marxism in the 1850s based primarily_____ the premise of economic exploitation of one class by another.
- An innovation is the process of introducing an idea or object ___________to culture. There are two forms of innovation: a discovery and an invention.
- Political sociologists have been men of strong opinions, and they have _______concerned with the value implications of their work.
- Material culture refers to the physical or technological aspects ____our daily lives including food items, houses, factories and raw materials.
- Scholarship in the sociology of culture ranges_____ highly general conceptual arguments to closely observed empirical studies.
- Action is social in so far as by virtue of the subjective meaning attached to it by acting individual it takes account of the behaviour of others and is thereby__________ in its course.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) A social system consists of a purity of individual actor’s interacting with each other in a situation which has at least a physical or environmental aspect, actors are motivated in terms of tendency to the optimization of gratification and whose relations to the situation including each other are defined and motivated in terms of system of culturally structured and shaped symbols. B) A social system consist of a purity of individual actor’s interacting with each other in a situation which has at least a physical or environmental aspect, actors are motivated in terms of tendency to the optimization of gratification and whose relations to the situation including each other are defined and motivated in terms of system of culturally structured and shaped symbols.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) In the professions like in medicine and law there is some scope for sociology as they give better perspective to the students. B) Secondary schools/colleges present some demand for sociology teachers.
- Three major theoretical frameworks are pluralism, elite or managerial theory and class analysis which overlaps_____ Marxist analysis.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) A crowd that may collect at a place does not necessarily indulge in the social action unless it starts behaving with one another. B) Social action is not identical with the similar action, actions of many persons or action influenced by others.
- Sociologists make a useful distinction between elements____ material and nonmaterial culture.
- Соедините части предложений
- Elite or managerial theory is sometimes called ____state-centered approach.
- Social action is not identical with the similar action, actions of many persons or action influenced____ others.
- Nonmaterial culture refers to _____________material objects and to customs, beliefs, philosophies, governments and patterns of communications.
- All societies have particular ______________________they view as appropriate behaviour while discouraging and punishing what they consider to be improper conduct.
- Rational Action: In terms of rational orientation to a system of discrete individual ends that is through expectations as to the behaviour of objects______________ and of other human individuals making use of these expectations as conditions or means for the successful attainment of the actor’s own rationally chosen ends.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Bottomore has identified three types of political situation in the contemporary world: First there are tribal societies mainly in the African countries which are being modernized under western influence on the lines of western political institutions. B) Bottomore has identified three type of political situations in the contemporary world: First there are tribal societies mainly in the African countries which are being modernized under western influence on the lines of western political institutions.
- Sociologists _______________to clear doubts about hereditary, race, class, sex differences, deviation and nearly every other aspect of behaviour.
- Yet, the manner in which they are expressed____________________. For example, one society will attempt to influence its weather by seeding clouds with dry ice particles to bring about rain.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) The term clinical sociologist has appeared to describe the work of the sociologist as technician. B) To some extent this is a new name for what sociologists have been doing for a long time but it also includes a considerable broadening of the range of sociologists’ efforts to be useful in society.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Undergraduate majors and minors are useful mainly as background preparation for other careers. In social work the better jobs demand a graduate degree in social work and a strong post graduate degree in social work/sociology is usually recommended. B) Undergraduate majors and minors are useful mainly as background preparation for other career. In social work the better jobs demand a graduate degree in social work and a strong post graduate degree in social work/sociology is usually recommended.
- The sociological study of culture encompasses all these diverse meanings_____ “culture.”
- Соедините части предложений
- Theorists of the democratic process have therefore had _____face the task of making an intellectual contribution to “institution building,” both to strengthen parliament and to make possible representation at new points in the political process.
- According to Talcott Parsons a social action is a process in the actor-situation system which has motivational significance_____ the individual actor or in the case of collectivity, its component individuals.
- Another culture ________sacrifices to the gods in order to end a long period of drought.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) The gap between elements in the working class and the middle class is described as declining, and the political process is seen as transformed into a process of pragmatic bargaining over specific issues. B) National surveys base on a limited number of cases produce valid results for the society as a whole.
- Social action includes both failures to act and possess acquiescence, may____ oriented to the past, present or accepted further behaviour of others.
- Political sociologists ____________men of strong opinions, and they have been concerned with the value implications of their work.
- Each generation and each year most human cultures change and expand through the process_____ innovation and diffusion.
- Language is an abstract system of word meanings and symbols_____________________. It includes speech, written characters, numerals, symbols and gestures of nonverbal communication.
- It is well-known that the primary goal of sociology is an objective analysis of social human relations __________________of management of a society.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Weber provided the theoretical underpinning for modern sociology defined as the interpretative understanding of social action linked to a causal explanation of its course and consequences. B) Political science became focused on the analysis of the machinery of government, the mechanisms of public administration and theories of governance. Sociology adopted a much broader definition of its subject matter.
- Many cultural universals are, in fact, adaptations to meet essential human needs, ______________people’s need for food, shelter and clothing.
- The male way of speaking does not encourage discussion. Women tend to welcome other’s opinions and contributions_______.
- Language is an abstract __________________and symbols for all aspects of culture. It includes speech, written characters, numerals, symbols and gestures of nonverbal communication.
- Соедините части предложений
- Соедините части предложений
- Соедините части предложений
- Sociology according to Weber is not merely confined to study of social action. It is an interpretative _____________of the social action.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Men like to talk about their personal experiences and achievements or discuss ‘masculine’ topics such as cars or sport. Women tend to talk about staff problems and personal. B) Men find it easy to tell others about their successes. Women tend share or pass on the credit for a success.
- Social action is not identical with the similar action, actions of many persons or action____________ by others.
- Sociological prediction can also help______________ the probable effects of a social policy. Every social policy decision is a prediction.
- Соедините части предложений
- Management comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose______ accomplishing a goal.
- Соедините части предложений
A social system consists of a purity of individual actor’s interacting with each other in a situation which has at least a physical or environmental aspect, actors are motivated in terms of tendency to the optimization of gratification and whose relations to the situation including each other______________________ in terms of system of culturally structured and shaped symbols.
- are defined and motivated
- are defined and motivate
- are define and motivated
- is defined and motivated
People live in human societies. A society is the largest form of human social organization_________________________ in the same territory, are relatively independent of people outside their area and share a common heritage or a common culture.
- that consists of people who lives
- that consists of people who live
- that consist of people who live
- that consists people who live
Соедините части предложений
- availability of mass culture
- широкие слои населения
- the simplified elements
- упрощенные элементы
- various strata of society
- доступность массовой культуры
The theory emerged from Marxism in the 1850s based primarily_____ the premise of economic exploitation of one class by another.
An innovation is the process of introducing an idea or object ___________to culture. There are two forms of innovation: a discovery and an invention.
- to be new
- be new
- is new
- that is new
Political sociologists have been men of strong opinions, and they have _______concerned with the value implications of their work.
Material culture refers to the physical or technological aspects ____our daily lives including food items, houses, factories and raw materials.
Scholarship in the sociology of culture ranges_____ highly general conceptual arguments to closely observed empirical studies.
Action is social in so far as by virtue of the subjective meaning attached to it by acting individual it takes account of the behaviour of others and is thereby__________ in its course.
- orients
- oriented
- orienting
- orient
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) A social system consists of a purity of individual actor’s interacting with each other in a situation which has at least a physical or environmental aspect, actors are motivated in terms of tendency to the optimization of gratification and whose relations to the situation including each other are defined and motivated in terms of system of culturally structured and shaped symbols. B) A social system consist of a purity of individual actor’s interacting with each other in a situation which has at least a physical or environmental aspect, actors are motivated in terms of tendency to the optimization of gratification and whose relations to the situation including each other are defined and motivated in terms of system of culturally structured and shaped symbols.
- А — нет, В — нет
- А — нет, В — да
- А — да, В — нет
- А — да, В — да
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) In the professions like in medicine and law there is some scope for sociology as they give better perspective to the students. B) Secondary schools/colleges present some demand for sociology teachers.
- А — нет, В — нет
- А — нет, В — да
- А — да, В — да
- А — да, В — нет
Three major theoretical frameworks are pluralism, elite or managerial theory and class analysis which overlaps_____ Marxist analysis.
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) A crowd that may collect at a place does not necessarily indulge in the social action unless it starts behaving with one another. B) Social action is not identical with the similar action, actions of many persons or action influenced by others.
- А — нет, В — да
- А — да, В — да
- А — да, В — нет
- А — нет, В — нет
Sociologists make a useful distinction between elements____ material and nonmaterial culture.
Соедините части предложений
- a stability of office position
- подчиненный
- an adherent
- единомышленник
- a subordinated
- стабильность служебного положения
Elite or managerial theory is sometimes called ____state-centered approach.
Social action is not identical with the similar action, actions of many persons or action influenced____ others.
Nonmaterial culture refers to _____________material objects and to customs, beliefs, philosophies, governments and patterns of communications.
- ways of use
- ways of using
- ways how use
- ways how to use
All societies have particular ______________________they view as appropriate behaviour while discouraging and punishing what they consider to be improper conduct.
- ways of encouraging
- ways of encouraging what
- ways of encourage what
- way of encouraging what
Rational Action: In terms of rational orientation to a system of discrete individual ends that is through expectations as to the behaviour of objects______________ and of other human individuals making use of these expectations as conditions or means for the successful attainment of the actor’s own rationally chosen ends.
- in external situation
- in the external situation
- the external situation
- in external situations
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Bottomore has identified three types of political situation in the contemporary world: First there are tribal societies mainly in the African countries which are being modernized under western influence on the lines of western political institutions. B) Bottomore has identified three type of political situations in the contemporary world: First there are tribal societies mainly in the African countries which are being modernized under western influence on the lines of western political institutions.
- А — да, В — да
- А — да, В — нет
- А — нет, В — да
- А — нет, В — нет
Sociologists _______________to clear doubts about hereditary, race, class, sex differences, deviation and nearly every other aspect of behaviour.
- shall have helped
- help
- have helped
- had helped
Yet, the manner in which they are expressed____________________. For example, one society will attempt to influence its weather by seeding clouds with dry ice particles to bring about rain.
- will vary from culture to culture
- vary from culture to culture
- will vary culture to culture
- will vary from culture culture
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) The term clinical sociologist has appeared to describe the work of the sociologist as technician. B) To some extent this is a new name for what sociologists have been doing for a long time but it also includes a considerable broadening of the range of sociologists’ efforts to be useful in society.
- А — да, В — да
- А — нет, В — да
- А — да, В — нет
- А — нет, В — нет
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Undergraduate majors and minors are useful mainly as background preparation for other careers. In social work the better jobs demand a graduate degree in social work and a strong post graduate degree in social work/sociology is usually recommended. B) Undergraduate majors and minors are useful mainly as background preparation for other career. In social work the better jobs demand a graduate degree in social work and a strong post graduate degree in social work/sociology is usually recommended.
- А — нет, В — да
- А — да, В — да
- А — нет, В — нет
- А — да, В — нет
The sociological study of culture encompasses all these diverse meanings_____ “culture.”
Соедините части предложений
- a principle of collective leadership
- соответствующие службы и подразделения
- staff cooperation
- сотрудничество персонала
- corresponding services and divisions
- принцип коллегиальности
Theorists of the democratic process have therefore had _____face the task of making an intellectual contribution to “institution building,” both to strengthen parliament and to make possible representation at new points in the political process.
According to Talcott Parsons a social action is a process in the actor-situation system which has motivational significance_____ the individual actor or in the case of collectivity, its component individuals.
Another culture ________sacrifices to the gods in order to end a long period of drought.
- offer
- may offer
- have to offer
- offers
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) The gap between elements in the working class and the middle class is described as declining, and the political process is seen as transformed into a process of pragmatic bargaining over specific issues. B) National surveys base on a limited number of cases produce valid results for the society as a whole.
- А — нет, В — да
- А — да, В — нет
- А — нет, В — нет
- А — да, В — да
Social action includes both failures to act and possess acquiescence, may____ oriented to the past, present or accepted further behaviour of others.
Political sociologists ____________men of strong opinions, and they have been concerned with the value implications of their work.
- have been
- was
- ‘ve been
- being
Each generation and each year most human cultures change and expand through the process_____ innovation and diffusion.
Language is an abstract system of word meanings and symbols_____________________. It includes speech, written characters, numerals, symbols and gestures of nonverbal communication.
- for all aspects of culture
- to all aspects of culture
- for all aspects culture
- for all aspect of culture
It is well-known that the primary goal of sociology is an objective analysis of social human relations __________________of management of a society.
- in order to reveal laws
- to reveal laws
- in order reveal laws
- in order to reveal law
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Weber provided the theoretical underpinning for modern sociology defined as the interpretative understanding of social action linked to a causal explanation of its course and consequences. B) Political science became focused on the analysis of the machinery of government, the mechanisms of public administration and theories of governance. Sociology adopted a much broader definition of its subject matter.
- А — нет, В — да
- А — нет, В — нет
- А — да, В — нет
- А — да, В — да
Many cultural universals are, in fact, adaptations to meet essential human needs, ______________people’s need for food, shelter and clothing.
- e.g.
- such as
- such
- so
The male way of speaking does not encourage discussion. Women tend to welcome other’s opinions and contributions_______.
- more
- a lot
- lot
- most
Language is an abstract __________________and symbols for all aspects of culture. It includes speech, written characters, numerals, symbols and gestures of nonverbal communication.
- systems of word meanings
- system word meanings
- system of word meaning
- system of word meanings
Соедините части предложений
- social conditionality
- направлять, руководить поведение(м)
- intensity
- напряженность
- to guide one’s behaviour
- социальная обусловленность
Соедините части предложений
- If we wish to clean up polluted rivers we
- made if we wish to attain certain other values.
- Sociologists have agreed upon some of the propositions: Sociologists should
- show the relationships between values.
- Sociologists may clarify what value sacrifices must be
- must be prepared to spend a lot of tax money in doing so.
Соедините части предложений
- A policy is begun in the hope that
- decision is a prediction.
- Sociological prediction can also help to estimate the probable effects
- of a social policy.
- Every social policy
- it will produce a desired effect.
Sociology according to Weber is not merely confined to study of social action. It is an interpretative _____________of the social action.
- understood
- understanding
- being understood
- understand
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Men like to talk about their personal experiences and achievements or discuss ‘masculine’ topics such as cars or sport. Women tend to talk about staff problems and personal. B) Men find it easy to tell others about their successes. Women tend share or pass on the credit for a success.
- А — нет, В — да
- А — да, В — нет
- А — нет, В — нет
- А — да, В — да
Social action is not identical with the similar action, actions of many persons or action____________ by others.
- influencing
- influence
- influenced
- being influence
Sociological prediction can also help______________ the probable effects of a social policy. Every social policy decision is a prediction.
- estimated
- to estimate
- evaluated
- to evaluate
Соедините части предложений
- an extension of suffrage
- защита прав потребителей
- to encourage
- поощрять
- consumerism
- расширение избирательного права
Management comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose______ accomplishing a goal.
Соедините части предложений
- A sociologist as an individual may properly make value judgments, support
- but as a parent will make a decision according to the personal beliefs and values.
- Beyond this there is no complete agreement among sociologists
- concerning what role they should assume.
- As a scientist the sociologist may not know whether television violence is harmful to children and therefore might not make public recommendations
- causes and join reform movements like any other citizen.
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