Содержание
- Constitutional government is defined by the_______ of a constitution-which may be a legal instrument or merely a set of fixed norms or principles generally accepted as the fundamental law of the polity- that effectively controls the exercise of political power.
- In most systems the executive has a power of veto______ legislation, and even where this is lacking, the executive may exercise original or delegated powers of legislation.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) This definition holds valid even if the government unsuccessful in exerting its power. But a failed government is still considered a form of government. B) Churches, corporations, clubs, and other entities also have “government” form.
- In general, the legislature has a supervisory role over the actions of the executive, and may replace the Head of Government and/or individual ministers_____ a vote of (no) confidence or a procedure of impeachment.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) The model ‘federal state’ require the existence, at the national level, of rigid constitution guaranteeing not only independence of the several intermediate governments but also the amplitude of their legislative, executive, and judicial powers. B) No modern state can govern country only from central point.
- Eleven nations simply refer ____themselves as states, but a handful specifies what kind of state.
- __________________(другими словами) , the constitution is concerned with the way in which decisions are made, and how powers are distributed among the various organs of government, be they central or local.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) The national constitution must delegate to the central government only enumerate powers; the remaining powers are reserved to the intermediate governments. B) The national constitution must delegate to the central government only enumerated powers; the remaining powers are reserved to the intermediate governments.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Modern direct democracy is characterized by three pillars: — Initiative, — Referendum,- Recall. B) What direct democracy characterized by?
- The most basic and original sense is direct democracy- a government in which political decisions are made directly by all the citizens and policies are decided by_____________(большинство) rule.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) What forms liberal democracy take? B) In all modern states there are at least two levels of government: the central government and the local governments.
- The three branches of government_____: legislature, executive and judiciary.
- A true democracy, as Lincoln was defining it, means a society in which all the people are _________________(граждане) with the same rights to participate in its government.
- Legislatures, then, are not simply lawmaking________.
- Constitutions set out how decisions are made, how power is distributed among the _________________of government, the limits of governmental authority and the methods of election and appointment of those who exercise power.
- In constitutional democracies, the accountability of government officials to the citizenry_________ possible the citizens’ responsibility for the acts of government.
- In most systems, however, legislatures also have other tasks, such as selection and criticism of the government, _____________ of administration, ratification of treaties, impeachment of executive and judicial officials.
- Legislatures are ______by many names, the most common being parliament and congress.
- _____ general, the legislature has a supervisory role over the actions of the executive, and may replace the Head of Government and/or individual ministers by a vote of (no) confidence or a procedure of impeachment.
- Legislatures are known by many names, the most common_________ parliament and congress.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Liberal democracy is a form of government, a political system. B) A liberal democracy has elections, a multiplicity of political parties; political decisions are made through an independent legislature, and an independent judiciary.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) As a term for a type of government, democracy came into use during the 5th century BC in Greece. B) The most basic and original sense is direct democracy- a government in which political decisions are made directly by all the citizens and policies are decided by majority rule.
- Every citizen of the Russian Federation shall enjoy in its territory all the rights and freedoms and bear equal duties __________for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
- In essence, the British constitution can be described as unwritten, parliamentary, monarchial and flexible, whereas the American ______can be seen as written, federal, presidential, republican and rigid.
- The law created by a legislature____________ legislation or statutory law.
- The national constitution must delegate to the central government only__________ powers; the remaining powers are reserved to the intermediate governments.
- A democracy is a way of governing in which the whole body of citizens takes charge of ______own affairs.
- As a term for a type of government, democracy came into use during the 5th century_______________( до нашей эры) in Greece.
- A legislature is a type of representative assembly with the power___________, amend and ratify laws.
- There are many definitions of a constitution, such as that provided by the Oxford English dictionary: ‘the system or body of fundamental principles according to which a nation state politic is___________________ and governed’.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) The distribution of powers among different level of government is an important aspect of the constitutional organization of a state. B) States with two levels of government can be distinguished on account of the greater or lesser autonomy grant to the local level.
- In constitutional democracies, the accountability of government officials to the citizenry makes possible the citizens’ responsibility for the acts____ government.
- The law created by a _____________is called legislation or statutory law.
- Constitutions describe the fundamental rules according to _________states are governed.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) A liberal democracy has elections, a multiplicity political parties; political decisions are made through an independent legislature, and an independent judiciary. B) A liberal democracy may take the form a constitutional republic or a constitutional monarchy.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Great Britain’s respect for local self-government has always been a characteristic of its constitution. B) The distribution of powers among different levels of government is an important aspect of the constitutional organization of a state.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) All the townspeople gathered at one time and place decide public policies B) To the extent that any segment of the population is deliberately excluded from citizen participation, a government fails to be a true democracy.
- Nineteen states in the world do not explicitly name their government forms in ______official names.
- A monarchy is a form of government in which supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in an individual (the monarch), who is____ head of state, and “is wholly set apart from all other members of the state.”
- A legislature with one house is_________ unicameral.
- As citizens of towns, cities, counties, states or provinces, and nations, the people are the sovereigns, the _____________( источник) of power.
- A bicameral legislature possesses two separate chambers, usually _________as an upper house and a lower house, which often differ in duties and powers.
- As a term for a type of government, democracy came ______use during the 5th century BC in Greece. Since then it has acquired a number of different meanings, most of which have common elements.
- The word democracy is derived from two Greek words: dēmos, ______________“the people”, and krātos, meaning ‘rule’.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Constitutional government is define by the existence of a constitution-which may be a legal instrument or merely a set of fixed norms or principles generally accepted as the fundamental law of the polity- that effectively controls the exercise of political power. B) Constitutional government is defined by the existence of a constitution-which may be a legal instrument or merely a set of fixed norms or principles generally accepted as the fundamental law of the polity- that effectively controls the exercise of political power.
- The provisions of the present chapter of the Constitution comprise the fundamental principles of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation, and may not be changed ___________(иначе) than according to the rules established by the present Constitution.
- Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Which countries provide the strongest examples of modern direct democracy? B) What forms can liberal democracy take?
- In presidential system of government, the legislature is considered a power branch______ is equal to, and independent of, the executive.
- Which legislatures are among _____smallest?
- Every country has a constitution of some kind, but the term is used in two different but related ways. It usually determines the __________(границы) of governmental authority, and the methods of election/appointment of those who are in power.
Constitutional government is defined by the_______ of a constitution-which may be a legal instrument or merely a set of fixed norms or principles generally accepted as the fundamental law of the polity- that effectively controls the exercise of political power.
- existence
- exist
- existed
- existing
In most systems the executive has a power of veto______ legislation, and even where this is lacking, the executive may exercise original or delegated powers of legislation.
- at
- by
- over
- with
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) This definition holds valid even if the government unsuccessful in exerting its power. But a failed government is still considered a form of government. B) Churches, corporations, clubs, and other entities also have “government” form.
- А — нет, B — нет
- А — нет ,В — да
- А — да, В — нет
- А — да , В — да
In general, the legislature has a supervisory role over the actions of the executive, and may replace the Head of Government and/or individual ministers_____ a vote of (no) confidence or a procedure of impeachment.
- —
- by
- at
- about
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) The model ‘federal state’ require the existence, at the national level, of rigid constitution guaranteeing not only independence of the several intermediate governments but also the amplitude of their legislative, executive, and judicial powers. B) No modern state can govern country only from central point.
- А — да, В — да
- А — да, В — нет
- А — нет ,В — да
- А — нет , B — нет
Eleven nations simply refer ____themselves as states, but a handful specifies what kind of state.
- in
- —
- on
- to
__________________(другими словами) , the constitution is concerned with the way in which decisions are made, and how powers are distributed among the various organs of government, be they central or local.
- In other words
- In another words
- In other word
- In another word
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) The national constitution must delegate to the central government only enumerate powers; the remaining powers are reserved to the intermediate governments. B) The national constitution must delegate to the central government only enumerated powers; the remaining powers are reserved to the intermediate governments.
- А — да ,В — да
- А — да, В — нет
- А — нет, В — нет
- А — нет , B — да
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Modern direct democracy is characterized by three pillars: — Initiative, — Referendum,- Recall. B) What direct democracy characterized by?
- А — да, В — да
- А — нет, В — нет
- А — да , B — нет
- А — нет ,В — да
The most basic and original sense is direct democracy- a government in which political decisions are made directly by all the citizens and policies are decided by_____________(большинство) rule.
- many
- majour
- lot of
- majority
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) What forms liberal democracy take? B) In all modern states there are at least two levels of government: the central government and the local governments.
- А — да, В — нет
- А — нет, В — нет
- А — нет , B — да
- А — да ,В — да
The three branches of government_____: legislature, executive and judiciary.
- be
- —
- are
- is
A true democracy, as Lincoln was defining it, means a society in which all the people are _________________(граждане) with the same rights to participate in its government.
- citizens
- citizen
- person
- personality
Legislatures, then, are not simply lawmaking________.
- bodies
- ones
- one
- body
Constitutions set out how decisions are made, how power is distributed among the _________________of government, the limits of governmental authority and the methods of election and appointment of those who exercise power.
- institutions
- University
- schools
- Institute
In constitutional democracies, the accountability of government officials to the citizenry_________ possible the citizens’ responsibility for the acts of government.
- making
- makes
- make
- to make
In most systems, however, legislatures also have other tasks, such as selection and criticism of the government, _____________ of administration, ratification of treaties, impeachment of executive and judicial officials.
- supervise
- supervises
- supervised
- supervision
Legislatures are ______by many names, the most common being parliament and congress.
- known
- knowing
- know
- knew
_____ general, the legislature has a supervisory role over the actions of the executive, and may replace the Head of Government and/or individual ministers by a vote of (no) confidence or a procedure of impeachment.
- On
- At
- —
- In
Legislatures are known by many names, the most common_________ parliament and congress.
- was
- be
- being
- is
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Liberal democracy is a form of government, a political system. B) A liberal democracy has elections, a multiplicity of political parties; political decisions are made through an independent legislature, and an independent judiciary.
- А — нет, В — нет
- А — да, В — нет
- А — нет ,В — да
- А — да , B — да
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) As a term for a type of government, democracy came into use during the 5th century BC in Greece. B) The most basic and original sense is direct democracy- a government in which political decisions are made directly by all the citizens and policies are decided by majority rule.
- А — да, В — нет
- А — да , B — да
- А — нет, В — нет
- А — нет ,В — да
Every citizen of the Russian Federation shall enjoy in its territory all the rights and freedoms and bear equal duties __________for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
- provided
- providing
- provide
- provides
In essence, the British constitution can be described as unwritten, parliamentary, monarchial and flexible, whereas the American ______can be seen as written, federal, presidential, republican and rigid.
- first
- one
- constitutions
- ones
The law created by a legislature____________ legislation or statutory law.
- are called
- is called
- is call
- called
The national constitution must delegate to the central government only__________ powers; the remaining powers are reserved to the intermediate governments.
- enumerated
- enumerating
- enumerate
- to enumerate
A democracy is a way of governing in which the whole body of citizens takes charge of ______own affairs.
- their
- its
- it’s
- it
As a term for a type of government, democracy came into use during the 5th century_______________( до нашей эры) in Greece.
- AD
- BC
- CB
- DA
A legislature is a type of representative assembly with the power___________, amend and ratify laws.
- create
- to create
- created
- creates
There are many definitions of a constitution, such as that provided by the Oxford English dictionary: ‘the system or body of fundamental principles according to which a nation state politic is___________________ and governed’.
- constitutes
- constituting
- constitute
- constituted
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) The distribution of powers among different level of government is an important aspect of the constitutional organization of a state. B) States with two levels of government can be distinguished on account of the greater or lesser autonomy grant to the local level.
- А — нет , B — нет
- А — да , В — да
- А — да, В — нет
- А — нет ,В — да
In constitutional democracies, the accountability of government officials to the citizenry makes possible the citizens’ responsibility for the acts____ government.
- of
- off
- in
- —
The law created by a _____________is called legislation or statutory law.
- house
- parliament
- legislature
- police
Constitutions describe the fundamental rules according to _________states are governed.
- that
- this
- which
- whose
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) A liberal democracy has elections, a multiplicity political parties; political decisions are made through an independent legislature, and an independent judiciary. B) A liberal democracy may take the form a constitutional republic or a constitutional monarchy.
- А — нет , B — нет
- А — нет ,В — да
- А — да , В — да
- А — да, В — нет
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Great Britain’s respect for local self-government has always been a characteristic of its constitution. B) The distribution of powers among different levels of government is an important aspect of the constitutional organization of a state.
- А — нет ,В — да
- А — да, В — нет
- А — да , B — да
- А — нет, В — нет
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) All the townspeople gathered at one time and place decide public policies B) To the extent that any segment of the population is deliberately excluded from citizen participation, a government fails to be a true democracy.
- А — нет, В — нет
- А — нет , B — да
- А — да, В — нет
- А — да , В — да
Nineteen states in the world do not explicitly name their government forms in ______official names.
- their
- it
- there
- its
A monarchy is a form of government in which supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in an individual (the monarch), who is____ head of state, and “is wholly set apart from all other members of the state.”
- an
- a
- the
- —
A legislature with one house is_________ unicameral.
- calling
- called
- call
- calls
As citizens of towns, cities, counties, states or provinces, and nations, the people are the sovereigns, the _____________( источник) of power.
- river
- spring
- source
- a source
A bicameral legislature possesses two separate chambers, usually _________as an upper house and a lower house, which often differ in duties and powers.
- describe
- described
- describes
- describing
As a term for a type of government, democracy came ______use during the 5th century BC in Greece. Since then it has acquired a number of different meanings, most of which have common elements.
- from
- into
- in
- —
The word democracy is derived from two Greek words: dēmos, ______________“the people”, and krātos, meaning ‘rule’.
- meant
- meaning
- means
- mean
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Constitutional government is define by the existence of a constitution-which may be a legal instrument or merely a set of fixed norms or principles generally accepted as the fundamental law of the polity- that effectively controls the exercise of political power. B) Constitutional government is defined by the existence of a constitution-which may be a legal instrument or merely a set of fixed norms or principles generally accepted as the fundamental law of the polity- that effectively controls the exercise of political power.
- А — да, В — нет
- А — нет , B — да
- А — нет, В — нет
- А — да ,В — да
The provisions of the present chapter of the Constitution comprise the fundamental principles of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation, and may not be changed ___________(иначе) than according to the rules established by the present Constitution.
- other wise
- other
- another
- otherwise
Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Which countries provide the strongest examples of modern direct democracy? B) What forms can liberal democracy take?
- А — нет, В — нет
- А — да, В — нет
- А — да , B — да
- А — нет ,В — да
In presidential system of government, the legislature is considered a power branch______ is equal to, and independent of, the executive.
- which
- who
- these
- —
Which legislatures are among _____smallest?
- an
- —
- a
- the
Every country has a constitution of some kind, but the term is used in two different but related ways. It usually determines the __________(границы) of governmental authority, and the methods of election/appointment of those who are in power.
- bound
- boundaries
- boundary
- border
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