Написание эссе. Аргументация

The underlined word in the sentence “He overates because of his depression.” expresses the following type of relationship:

• time
• comparison
• cause
• process

Fill in the blank with a suitable word or phrase: These words sound _________, but their meanings are different.

• differ
• the same
• same
• like

Choose the word to match the definition: words which join together parts of writing or speaking

• linking words
• markers
• indicators
• paraphrase

The underlined part of the sentence: “Although seat belts have been shown to save lives, people give a number of reasons for not using them. ” performs the function of:

• detail
• supporting idea
• controlling idea
• topic

Fill in the gap with a suitable word: Tell which ___________ of travel you would choose if you had to go from your home to a place 40 miles away.

• method
• advantage
• step
• characteristic

The underlined word in the sentence “Marmalade is similar to jam, but they are not the same.” expresses the following type of relationship:

• comparison
• contrast
• addition
• conclusion

Fill in the blank with a suitable word or phrase: _________ the tone of the article is light-hearted, the content is serious.

• While
• Nevertheless
• However
• Because of

Fill in the gap with a suitable word or phrase: _______________, people should write and speak clearly.

• In my opinion
• Because of
• Fortunately
• I’d like

Identify the markers of comparison / contrast: Both English and French are spoken in Canada.

• both … and
• English and French
• are spoken
• both

Fill in the blank with a suitable word or phrase: There has been great progress in medical research. ___________, there have been significant achievements in all aspects of health care.

• As a result
• Neither
• However
• Nevertheless

The underlined word in the sentence “His anxiety resulted in dangerous driving.” expresses the following type of relationship:

• effect
• contrast
• comparison
• space

The underlined part of the sentence: “People can avoid catching a cold by taking certain precautions. First, you should avoid people who already have colds. ” performs the function of:

• topic
• supporting idea
• detail
• controlling idea

The underlined part of the sentence: “When you plant a tree, you are helping your environment in many ways.” performs the function of:

• controlling idea
• supporting idea
• description
• topic

The topic of the sentence: “Taking exams (A) is required of all students (B), and to do their best (C), students should use the following methods (D) to prepare themselves.” is:

• A
• B
• D
• C

Identify the markers of comparison / contrast: While the country is quiet, the city is noisy.

• while the … the
• quiet … noisy
• while the country … the city
• while

Fill in the gap with a suitable word: How is your country becoming more ___________ to other places in the world?

• similar
• like
• different
• alike

The topic of the sentence: “The reason (A) a person (B) lives in a remote area (C) may be one of the following (D).” is:

• D
• B
• C
• A

The topic “features of spoken English which make it difficult to understand” is not supported by the following idea:

• a wide range of accents
• many words are not pronounced as they are spelled
• native speakers contract words and phrases
• no good dictionaries

Choose the correct preposition: several kinds ____ cars

• for
• in
• of
• over

Choose a synonym: at last

• to begin with
• finally
• next
• consequently

Give the English equivalent: соответственно

• accordingly
• meanwhile
• otherwise
• moreover

Choose a synonym: whereas

• too
• also
• so
• while

Give the English equivalent: наконец

• as long as
• at last
• in brief
• thus

The underlined word in the sentence “Einstein couldn’t speak until he was eight.” expresses the following type of relationship:

• conclusion
• cause
• time
• place

Choose the correct preposition: the precautions ____ avoiding car accidents

• of
• for
• to
• in

Give the English equivalent: тогда как

• likewise
• similarly
• conversely
• whereas

Give the Russian equivalent: on account of

• из-за
• в случае
• потому что
• до тех пор

The topic “problems caused by absenteeism” is not supported by the following idea:

• lost production
• mistakes made by substitutes
• family problems
• missed deadlines

Give the Russian equivalent: as a result

• как обычно
• как следует
• как правило
• в результате

The underlined part of the sentence: “A person can do more than just look at the exhibits. For example, in the insect zoo at the National Museum of Natural History, anyone who so desires can handle some of the exhibits. ” performs the function of:

• controlling idea
• topic
• example
• personal experience

Give the English equivalent: например

• for instance
• in brief
• on the whole
• in addition

Fill in the gap with a suitable word: Some people believe that higher education should be ___________ only to good students.

• profitable
• experienced
• available
• suitable

Choose the correct preposition: the causes ____ lung cancer

• about
• to
• of
• for

The topic “disadvantages of large cars” is not supported by the following idea:

• expensive to buy
• difficult to park
• use more petrol
• made in America

The underlined word in the sentence “The war started on account of the desperate economic situation.” expresses the following type of relationship:

• effect
• place
• example
• cause

Choose the word to match the definition: the ideas which develop and illustrate the topic sentence

• mediocre ideas
• controlling ideas
• supporting ideas
• extraordinary ideas

Give the English equivalent: тема

• control
• sentence
• topic
• idea

The topic “steps to organise a camping trip” is not supported by the following idea:

• get maps of the area
• make a list of necessary items to take
• rent a flat
• check weather report

The topic“reasons for living in a remote area” is not supported by the following idea:

• get away from city noise
• old houses
• live in an unpolluted area
• be closer to nature

Identify the markers of comparison / contrast: Tokyo differs from Rome in density of population.

• from …. in … of
• from
• differs … in
• differs from … in

Give the Russian equivalent: due to something

• в начале чего-либо
• в основном
• благодаря чему-либо
• сходные образы

Fill in the blank with a suitable word or phrase: I was afraid of school. ___________, I was only seven, and I had been so happy in my nursery with all my toys.

• After all
• In the end
• Finally
• At the end

The underlined word in the sentence “John is as tall as his father.” expresses the following type of relationship:

• comparison
• cause
• contrast
• example

The topic “changes brought by computers” is not supported by the following idea:

• helpful in education
• larger amounts of information stored and retrieved almost immediately
• longer office hours
• information easier to obtain

The topic “ways to cook and serve” is not supported by the following idea:

• fried rice
• go to China
• rice salad
• curried rice

The underlined word in the sentence “We’ll give our primary concern to grammar. Besides, we’ll train pronunciation.” expresses the following type of relationship:

• addition
• process
• time
• effect

The underlined word in the sentence “Playing loud music may lead to partial deafness.” expresses the following type of relationship:

• contrast
• effect
• addition
• cause

Give the Russian equivalent: to differ

• заканчивать
• делать вывод
• отличаться
• сопоставлять

Fill in the gap with a suitable word: ___________ the advantages and disadvantages of establishing a new university in your community.

• believe
• praise
• outweigh
• compare

Give the Russian equivalent: to resemble

• походить (на что-либо)
• иметь результат
• отставать
• превосходить