ПКОЯз АНГЛ Практикум по аналитическому чтению и письменной речи. Часть 1

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Several major figures of English Romanticism lives on into this period. B) Coleridge died in 1834,De Quincey in 1859. Подберите правильный ответ

• А — нет, В — нет
• А — нет, В — да
• А — да, В — нет
• А — да, В — да

Заполните пропуск: Most fundamentally of all, the rapid change that many writers interpreted as progress inspired in others a fierce nostalgia. Enthusiastic rediscoveries of ancient Greece, Elizabethan England, and, especially, the Middle Ages by writers, artists, architects, and designers made this age of change simultaneously an age __________ active and determined historicism.

Выберите возможные варианты: Yet from another point of view, this was a time of unusually traumatic strain, in which English society underwent massive disruptions that transformed it on every front and decisively affected the life of every individual.

• нрав
• время
• страда
• период

Заполните пропуск: His touch is least happy when, complying too facilely with the gathering cult of sensibility, he indulges in rote-learned displaysof emotionalism and good-heartedness. His most sustainedly invigorating work can perhaps be found __________ The Adventures of RoderickRandom (1748), The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle (1751), and (an altogether more interesting encounter with the dialects of sensibility) The Expedition of Humphry Clinker (1771).

Выберите правильный вариант: His Pamela: or, Virtue Rewarded (1740, with a less happy sequel in 1741), using (like all Richardson’s novels) the epistolary form, tells a story of an employer’s attempted seduction of a young servant woman, her subsequent victimization, and her eventual reward in virtuous marriage with the penitent exploiter.

• труд
• Награда
• Хула
• Просьба

Выберите правильный вариант: The most puzzling episode in the development of later Middle English literature was the apparently sudden reappearance of unrhymed alliterative poetry in the mid-14th century.

• веселый
• Радостный
• Загадочный
• Угрюмый

Выберите правильный вариант: The authors of the later 14th-century alliterative poems either inherited or developed their own conventions, which resemble those of the Old English tradition in only the most general way.

• Напоминают
• Помнят
• Сравнивают
• выражают

Заполните пропуск: The man in early adulthood at the accession of Elizabeth in 1558 would, by her death in 1603, have been vouchsafed an unusually disillusioning insight into the duty owed by private conscience to the needs _____________ the state.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Humanism fostered an intimate familiarity with the classics that was a powerfulincentive for the creation of an English literature of answerable dignity. B) It fostered aswell a practical, secular piety that left its impress everywhere on Elizabethan writing. Подберите правильный ответ

• А — да, В — да
• А — нет, В — да
• А — нет, В — нет
• А — да, В — нет

Выберите правильный вариант: At the turn of the century the Gothic mode, with its alternations between evocation of terror and appeal to sensibility, reached a peak of popularity with novels such as Ann Radcliffe’s Mysteries of Udolpho (1794) and The Italian (1797) and Matthew Gregory Lewis’ sensationalThe Monk (1796).

• Ужас
• апатия
• Мотив
• Пророчество

Выберите правильный вариант: William Harrison’s gossipy, entertaining Description of England (1577), Philip Stubbes’s excitable and humane social critique The Anatomy of Abuses (1583), Reginald Scot’s anecdotal Discovery of Witchcraft (1584), and John Stow’s invaluable Survey of London (1598)also deserve passing mention.

• Содержание
• замечание
• Влияние
• Упоминание

Выберите возможные варианты: Clarissa uses multiple narrators and develops a profoundly suggestive interplay of opposed voices.

• Действующие лица
• герои
• рассказчики
• повествователи

Выберите правильный вариант: The obvious instance of such casual success is Richard Hakluyt’s Principall Navigations, Voiages, and Discoveries of the English Nation (1589; expanded 1598–1600), a massive collection of travelers’ tales, of which some are highly accomplished narratives.

• Содержание
• Влияние
• замечание
• Собрание

Заполните пропуск: Nor was the Calvinist orthodoxy that cradled most English writers comforting, for it told them that they were corrupt, unfree, unable ________ earn their own salvations, and subjectto heavenly judgments that were arbitrary and absolute.

Выберите возможные варианты: Its main strength lies in the resourceful, sometimes comically vivid imagining of the moment-by-moment fluctuations of the heroine’s consciousness as she faces her ordeal.

• забота
• власть
• мудрость
• сила

Заполните пропуск: The third complicating factor was the race to catch up ______ continental developments in arts and philosophy.

Выберите правильный вариант: Description of the development of Elizabethan prose begins with the 1570s.

• Развитие
• кротость
• Гнев
• Гордость

Выберите правильный вариант: He brought the same diversity of enthusiasms into play in writing his novels.

• мстительность
• Разнообразие
• Дружба
• Таинство

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) In the 16th century Piers Plowman were issued as a printed book and was used for apologetic purposes by the early Protestants. B) The alliterative movement would today be regarded as a curious but inconsiderable episode, were it not for four other poems now generally attributed to a single anonymous author: the chivalric romance Sir Gawayne and the Grene Knight, two homiletic poems called Patience and Purity (or Cleanness), and an elegiac dream vision known as Pearl, all miraculously preserved in a single manuscript dated c. 1400. Подберите правильный ответ

• А — да, В — да
• А — нет, В — нет
• А — нет, В — да
• А — да, В — нет

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Tristram, the narrator, are isolated in his own privacy and doubts how much, if anything, he can know certainly even about himself. B) Sterne are explicit about the influence of Lockean psychology on his writing, and the book, fascinated with the fictive energies of the imagination, is filled withcharacters reinventing or mythologizing the conditions of their own lives. Подберите правильный ответ

• А — нет, В — да
• А — да, В — нет
• А — да, В — да
• А — нет, В — нет

Выберите правильный вариант: Gascoigne’s story has a surprising authenticity and almost psychological realism (it may be autobiographical), but even so it is heavily imbued with the influence of Castiglione.

• кроткий
• Психический
• Душевный
• Психологический

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Yet Bentham, as the enduring voice of the Enlightenment, and Coleridge, as the chief English example of the Romantic reaction against it, hold diametrically opposed views. B) A similar sense of sharp controversy is give by Carlyle in Sartor Resartus (1833–34). Подберите правильный ответ

• А — нет, В — нет
• А — да, В — нет
• А — да, В — да
• А — нет, В — да

Выберите правильный вариант: In their attacks on many kinds of prejudice and abuse, on the other hand, they set a notable standard of fearless and independent journalism.

• Кроткий
• Жадный
• Бесстрашный
• фантастический

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) The poem takes the form of a series of dream visions dealing with the social and spiritual predicament of later 14th-century England against a sombre apocalyptic backdrop. B) Realistic and allegorical elements are mingled in a phantasmagoric way, and both the poetic medium and the structure are frequently subverted by the writer’s spiritual and didactic impulses. Подберите правильный ответ

• А — нет, В — нет
• А — да, В — нет
• А — да, В — да
• А — нет, В — да

Выберите возможные варианты: Prose was to be decisively transformed through its involvement in the bitter and learned controversies of the 1570s and ’80s over the reform of the English Church and the problems the controversies raised in matters of authority,obedience, and conscience.

• показательно
• кратко
• резко
• решительно

Заполните пропуск: ____________ this respect, as in so many others, the role of the drama was crucial.

Заполните пропуск: In religion the climax of the Evangelical revival coincided with an unprecedentedly severe set of challenges to faith. In politics a widespread commitment to economic and personal freedom was, nonetheless, accompanied _______ a steady growth in the power of the state.

Соедините части предложений:

• Real wages hit an all-time low in the 1620s, and social relations were plunged into a state of unprecedented fluidity from which the merchant and ambitious lesser gentleman profited at the expense.
• gives the literature its unrivaled intensity.
• In this period England’s population doubled; prices rocketed, rents followed, old social loyalties dissolved,
• and new industrial, agricultural, and commercial veins were first tapped.
• This doubleness, of new possibilities and new doubts simultaneously apprehended,
• of the aristocrat and labourer, as satires and comedies current from the 1590s complain

Выберите правильный вариант: The earliest examples of the phenomenon, William of Palerne and Winner and Waster, are both datable to the 1350s, but neither poem exhibits to the full all the characteristics of the slightly later poems central to the movement.

• нахождение
• Стремление
• Движение
• Мгновение

Выберите правильный вариант: William of Palerne, condescendingly commissioned by a nobleman for the benefit of “them that know no French,” is a homely paraphrase of a courtly continental romance, the only poem in the group to take love as its central theme.

• Островной
• Континентальный
• Общий
• локальный

Заполните пропуск: Introspection was inevitable in the literature of an immediately Post-Romantic period, and the ageitself was as prone to self-analysis __________ were its individual authors. William Hazlitt’s essays The Spirit of the Age (1825) were echoed by Mill’s articles of the same title in 1831, by Thomas Carlyle’s essays “Signs of the Times” (1829) and “Characteristics” (1831), and by Richard Henry Horne’s New Spirit of the Age in 1844.

Заполните пропуск: The prudery for which the Victorian Age is notorious in fact went hand in hand with an equally violent immoralism, seen, __________ example, in Algernon Charles Swinburne’s poetry or the writings of the Decadents.

Заполните пропуск: The Elizabethan ecclesiastical compromise was the object ____________ continual criticism, both from radicals within (who desired progressive reforms, such as the abolition of bishops) and from papists without (who desired the return of England to the Roman Catholic fold), but the incipient liberalism of individuals like John Milton and William Chillingworth was held in check by the majority’s unwillingness to tolerate a plurality of religions in a supposedly unitary state.

Заполните пропуск: This new status as the world’s first urban and industrialized society was responsible for the extraordinary wealth, vitality, and self-confidence of the period. Abroad these energies expressed themselves in the growth of the British Empire. At home they were accompanied ________ rapid social change and fierce intellectual controversy.

Заполните пропуск: In the deeply original Tom Jones especially, this assists _______ developing a distinctive atmosphere of self-confident magnanimity and candid optimism.

Соедините части предложений:

• The barely disguised social ferment was accompanied by an intellectual revolution,
• the religious revolutions of the 16thcentury.
• Meanwhile, the huge body of poor fell ever further behind the rich; the pamphlets of Thomas Harman (1566) and Robert Greene (1591–92), and Shakespeare’s
• King Lear (1605), provide glimpses of a horrific world of vagabondage and crime, the Elizabethans’ biggest, unsolvable social problem.
• The majority of people were more immediately affected by
• as the medieval synthesis collapsed before the new science, new religion, and new humanism.

Выберите правильный вариант: Only someone of his catholic interests could have sustained, for instance, the superb Tour Thro’ the Whole Island of Great Britain (1724–27), a vivid, county-by-county review and celebration of the state of the nation.

• Великолепный
• верный
• Строгий
• Достойный

Соедините части предложений:

• In common with a number of other poems of the period, it was composed in
• the alliterative movement proper.
• Technically it is one of the most complex poems in the language, an attempt
• to work in words an analogy to the jeweler’s art.
• The Pearl stands somewhat aside from
• stanzaic form, with alliteration used for ornamental effect.

Выберите возможные варианты: From one point of view, this sudden renaissance looks radiant, confident, heroic—and belated, but all the more dazzling for its belatedness.

• строгий
• старательный
• неожиданный
• внезапный

Выберите возможные варианты: The “matter of Britain” was represented by an outstanding composition, the alliterative Morte Arthure, an epic portrayal of King Arthur’s conquests in Europe and his eventual fall, combining a strong narrative thrust with considerable density and subtlety of diction.

• простой
• Повествовательный
• Нарративный
• наивный

Заполните пропуск: His poem exists in three versions: A, Piers Plowman in its short, early form, dating from the 1360s; B, a major revision and extension ___________ A made in the late 1370s; and C (1380s), a less “literary” version of B, apparently intended to bring its doctrinal issues into clearer focus.

Выберите правильный вариант: The poet’s technical competence in handling the difficult syntax and diction of the alliterative style is not, however, to be compared with that of Winner and Waster’s author, who exhibits full mastery of the form, particularly in brilliant descriptions of setting and spectacle.

• Красота
• выразительность
• Мастерство
• Грация

Выберите правильный вариант: The themes of education and good government predominate in the new humanist writing of the 16th century, both in discursive prose (such as Sir Thomas Elyot’s Boke Named the Governour and Roger Ascham’s Toxophilus and Scholemaster) and in the drama (the plays of Henry Medwall and Richard Rastall).

• Грамотность
• Письмо
• Образование
• грамота

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) Humanism’s effect, however, were modified by the simultaneous impact of the flourishing continental cultures, particularly the Italian. B) Repeatedly, crucial innovations in English letters developed resources originating from Italy, such as the sonnet of Petrarch, the epic of Ariosto, the pastoral of Sannazzaro, the canzone, and blank verse, and values imported with these forms was in competition with the humanists’ ethical preoccupations. Подберите правильный ответ

• А — нет, В — нет
• А — да, В — нет
• А — да, В — да
• А — нет, В — да

Выберите правильный вариант: His unusual gift of evoking states of dream and nightmare is best seen in essays such as “The English Mail Coach” and “On the Knocking at the Gate in Macbeth” and in his various autobiographical pieces.

• Различный
• Многословный
• Громкий
• резкий

Выберите правильный вариант: Prose was easily the principal medium in the Elizabethan period, and, despite the mid-century uncertainties over the language’s weaknesses and strengths—whether coined and imported words should be admitted; whether the structural modeling of English prose on Latin writing was beneficial or, as Bacon would complain, a pursuit of “choiceness of phrase” at the expense of “soundness of argument”—the general attainment of prose writing was uniformly high, as is often manifested in contexts not conventionally imaginative or “literary,” such as tracts, pamphlets, and treatises.

• Памфлеты
• зарисовки
• Очерки
• Письма

Заполните пропуск: Alliterative poetry was not unknown in London and the southeast, but it penetrated those areas in a modified form and in poems that dealt __________ different subject matter.

Выберите правильный вариант: Caxton’s Malory (1485) was published in the same year that Henry Tudor acceded to the throne as Henry VII, and the period from this time to the mid-16th century has been called the transition from medieval to Renaissance in English literature.

• Среднгевековый
• Просветленный
• Темный
• грозный

Заполните пропуск: But, although uneven in performance, all ________ them include extended passages of real force and idiosyncracy.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях? A) It also draws zestful stimulus from a concern with the limitations of language, both verbal and visual, and teases an intricate drama out of Tristram’s imagining of, and playing to, the reader’s likely responses. B) Sterne’s Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy (1768) similarly defiesconventional expectations of what a travel book might is. Подберите правильный ответ

• А — да, В — да
• А — нет, В — да
• А — нет, В — нет
• А — да, В — нет